Mathematical Foundations:

sets, statements, induction, mappings, trigonometry

Analysis: Foundations of differential calculus in one variable

• natural and real numbers
• convergence of sequences and series
• continuous and differentiable functions
• mean value theorems
• Taylor series
• calculus
• error analysis
• fixpoint iteration

Linear Algebra: Foundations of linear algebra in Rⁿ

• vectors: rules, linear combinations, inner and cross product, lines and planes
• systems of linear equations: Gauß elimination, linear mappings, matrix multiplication, inverse matrices, determinants 
• orthogonal projection in R^n, Gram-Schmidt-Orthonormalization

• T. Arens u.a. : Mathematik, Springer Spektrum, Heidelberg 2015
• W. Mackens, H. Voß: Mathematik I für Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften, HECO-Verlag, Alsdorf 1994
• W. Mackens, H. Voß: Aufgaben und Lösungen zur Mathematik I für Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften, HECO-Verlag, Alsdorf 1994
• G. Strang: Lineare Algebra, Springer-Verlag, 2003
• G. und S. Teschl: Mathematik für Informatiker, Band 1, Springer-Verlag, 2013

• Tasks in Mechanics
• Modelling and model elements
• Vector calculus for forces and torques
  
• Forces and equilibrium in space
• Constraints and reactions, characterization of constraint systems
• Planar and spatial truss structures
• Internal forces and moments for beams and frames
• Center of mass, volumn, area and line
• Computation of center of mass by intergals, joint bodies
• Friction (sliding and sticking)
• Friction of ropes
  

This elementary course in chemistry comprises the following four topics, i) molecular orbital theory applied to compounds with bonds between s-, p- and d-block elements (octahedral field only), Description of molecular interactions in the gas, liquid and solid phase, (semi) conductivity on account of the formation of band structures, ii) describing chemical reactions in the sense of retention of mass and energy, enthalpy and entropy, chemical equilibrium, concepts of activation energy in conjucture with particle kinetic energy iii) acid-base concepts, acid-base reactions in water, pH calculation, quantitative analysis (titration) iv), redox processes in water, redox potential, Nernst theory describing the concentration dependence of redox potentials, overpotential, corrosion (local elments).

Chemie für Ingenieure, Guido Kickelbick, ISBN 978-3-8273-7267-3

Chemie, Charles Mortimer (Deutsch und Englisch verfügbar)

http://www.chemgapedia.de

This laboratory course comprises the following four topics, i) atomic structure and application of spectroscopic methods, introduction of analytic methods ii) chemical reactions (qualitative analysis), bonding types, reaction types, reaction equations  iii) acid-base concepts, acid-base reactions in water, buffer solution, quantitative analysis (titration) iv), redox processes in water, redox potential, Nernst theory describing the concentration dependence of redox potentials, galvanic elements and electrolysis.

Prior to every experiement, a seminar takes place in small groups (12-15 students). The students participate orally. Team work and cooperation are forwarded because the experiments in the lab and the writing of the reports is conducted in groups of three or four students. Additionally, acedemic writing conveyed (documentation of experiment results in lab journals, literature citations in reports).

Chemie für Ingenieure, Guido Kickelbick, ISBN 978-3-8273-7267-3

Chemie, Charles Mortimer (Deutsch und Englisch verfügbar)

Analytische und anorganische Chemie, Jander/Blasius

Maßanalyse, Jander/Jahr

This course has 4 major parts: i) decribing molecules and solids of the s-, p- and d-elements of the periodic table in terms of orbital theory (only octahedral field), interactions between molecules in all phases; ii) description of chemical reactions in context of concentrations, mass and energy balance (enthalpy and entropy), kinetics and concepts of activation energy; iii) acid-base concepts according to Lewis and Brönsted, pH measurement and calculations, titration; iv) redox reactions in water, redox potential and Nernst equation, overpotentials and local elements in the matter of corrosion. 

Chemie für Ingenieure, Guido Kickelbick, ISBN 978-3-8273-7267-3<br />Chemie, Charles Mortimer (Deutsch und Englisch verfügbar)<br />http://www.chemgapedia.de</p> 

• Informatik
  
  • Helmut Herold, Bruno Lurz, Jürgen Wohlrab, Matthias Hopf: Grundlagen der Informatik, 3. Auflage, 816 Seiten, Pearson Studium, 2017.
    
• C++
  
  • Bjarne Stroustrup, Einführung in die Programmierung mit C++, 479 Seiten, Pearson Studium, 2010.
    --> in der englischen Version bereits eine neuere Auflage!
    
  • Jürgen Wolf : Grundkurs C++: C++-Programmierung verständlich erklärt, Rheinwerk Computing, 3. Auflage, 2016.

• Preliminary discussion of the seminar
• Interesting presentations by people responsible for climate and environmental protection in Hamburg, keyword: Green Port of Hamburg
• Handing out of topics and tasks from the area of the seminar topic (green port of Hamburg) to individual students / groups of students (depending on the number of participating students
• Presentation of the task / the topic to be worked on with PPT presentation or poster presentation of the results

Eigenständiges Literaturstudium in der Bibliothek und aus anderen Quellen.

The Earth's energy balance
Conservation of energy, radiation, greenhouse effect, radiation balance, radiative forcing
Local climate
Energy balance at the surface, canopy effects (vegetation, city, ...), topography effects, evaporation, role of the pedosphere
The water cycle
Reservoirs of water, Clausius-Clapeyron, hydrological sensitivity, extreme precipitation
The vertical structure of the atmosphere
Hydrostatics, stability, spheres and pauses, radiative-convective equilibrium
Clouds
Life cycle of a cloud, from water vapour to precipitation
A windy planet
Pressure gradient force, Coriolis force, global wind system, turbulence and log. wind profile Wind profile
Climate sensitivity
Forcing-response approach, climate sensitivity, methods of determination, current knowledge
Synoptics
High and low pressure areas, air masses and fronts, instabilities
Fast feedbacks in climate
Water vapour, temperature gradient, ice albedo, clouds
Weather and climate modelling
Discretisation and num. Solution, parametrisation, data assimilation, boundary conditions, ensemble predictions, chaos, parallel computers
Carbon cycle and earth history
Reservoirs of carbon, fossil fuels, earth ages, Urey reaction
Weather extremes
Rain, wind and heat - meteorological basics, statistical description & climate trends
Ice and sea level
Is the sea level rising? Role of ice in Earth's history, snowballs and greenhouses, Milankovitch cycles
The view from space

The Earth's energy balance
Conservation of energy, radiation, greenhouse effect, radiation balance, radiative forcing
Local climate
Energy balance at the surface, canopy effects (vegetation, city, ...), topography effects, evaporation, role of the pedosphere
The water cycle
Reservoirs of water, Clausius-Clapeyron, hydrological sensitivity, extreme precipitation
The vertical structure of the atmosphere
Hydrostatics, stability, spheres and pauses, radiative-convective equilibrium
Clouds
Life cycle of a cloud, from water vapour to precipitation
A windy planet
Pressure gradient force, Coriolis force, global wind system, turbulence and log. wind profile Wind profile
Climate sensitivity
Forcing-response approach, climate sensitivity, methods of determination, current knowledge
Synoptics
High and low pressure areas, air masses and fronts, instabilities
Fast feedbacks in climate
Water vapour, temperature gradient, ice albedo, clouds
Weather and climate modelling
Discretisation and num. Solution, parametrisation, data assimilation, boundary conditions, ensemble predictions, chaos, parallel computers
Carbon cycle and earth history
Reservoirs of carbon, fossil fuels, earth ages, Urey reaction
Weather extremes
Rain, wind and heat - meteorological basics, statistical description & climate trends
Ice and sea level
Is the sea level rising? Role of ice in Earth's history, snowballs and greenhouses, Milankovitch cycles
The view from space

The lecture covers basic concepts of organic chemistry. This includes simple carbon compounds, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, amides and amino acids. Further, fundamentals of reaction mechanisms will be described. This includes nucleophilic substitution, eliminations, additions and aromatic substitution. Also modern reaction mechanisms will be described.

Prior to each experiment, an oral colloquium takes place in small groups. In the colloquium are security aspects of the experiments are discussed, as well as the topics of the experiments. Solutions to previously provided questions are answered. In the colloquia the students acquire the skill to express scientific matters orally in a scientifically correct language and to describe theoretical basics.

The students write up a report for every experiment. They receive feedback to their level of scientific writing (citation methods, labeling of graphs, etc.), so that they can improve their competence in this field over the course of the practical course.

Analysis: 

• power series and elementary functions
• interpolation
• integration (proper integrals, fundamental theorem, integration rules, improper integrals, parameter dependent integrals
• applications of integration (volume and surface of bodies of revolution, lines and arc length, line integrals
• numerical quadrature
• periodic functions

Linear Algebra: 

• general vector spaces: subspaces, Euclidean vector spaces
• linear mappings: basis transformation, orthogonal projection, orthogonal matrices, householder matrices
• linear regression: normal equations, linear discrete approximation
• eigenvalues: diagonalising matrices, normal matrices, symmetric and Hermite matrices
• system of linear differential equations 
• matrix factorizations: LR-decomposition, QR-decomposition, Schur decomposition, Jordan normal form, singular value decomposition

• T. Arens u.a. : Mathematik, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2009
• W. Mackens, H. Voß: Mathematik I für Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften, HECO-Verlag, Alsdorf 1994
• W. Mackens, H. Voß: Aufgaben und Lösungen zur Mathematik I für Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften, HECO-Verlag, Alsdorf 1994
• G. Strang: Lineare Algebra, Springer-Verlag, 2003 
• G. und S. Teschl: Mathematik für Informatiker, Band 1, Springer-Verlag, 2013
  

1. Introduction
2. Fundamental terms
   
3. Thermal Equilibrium and temperature
   3.1 Thermal equation of state
4. First law
   4.1 Heat and work
   4.2 First law for closed systems
   4.3 First law for open systems
   4.4 Examples
5. Equations of state and changes of state
   5.1 Changes of state
   5.2 Cycle processes
6. Second law
   6.1 Carnot process
   6.2 Entropy
   6.3 Examples
   6.4 Exergy
7. Thermodynamic properties of pure fluids
   7.1 Fundamental equations of Thermodynamics
   7.2 Thermodynamic potentials
   7.3 Calorific state variables for arbritary fluids
   7.4 state equations (van der Waals u.a.)
   
   

• Schmitz, G.: Technische Thermodynamik, TuTech Verlag, Hamburg, 2009

• Baehr, H.D.; Kabelac, S.: Thermodynamik, 15. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Berlin 2012

• Potter, M.; Somerton, C.: Thermodynamics for Engineers, Mc GrawHill, 1993

  
  

  
  

The lecture Engineering Mechanics II introduces the fundamental concepts of stress and strain and explains how these can be used to characterize and compute elastic deformations of mechanical bodies under loading. The focus of the lecture lies on: 

• basis of continuum mechanics: stress, strain, constitutive laws
  
• truss
• torsion bar
  
• beam theory: bending, moment of inertia of area, transverse shear
  
• energy methods: Maxwell-Betti reciprocal work theorem, Castigliano's second theorem, theorem of Menabrea
  
• strength of materials: maximum principle stress criterion, yield criteria according to Tresca and von Mises
  
• stability of mechanical structures: Euler buckling strut
  

• Gross, D., Hauger, W., Schröder, J., Wall, W.A.: Technische Mechanik 1, Springer
• Gross, D., Hauger, W., Schröder, J., Wall, W.A.: Technische Mechanik 2 Elastostatik, Springer

DC networks: Current, voltage, power, Kirchhoff's laws, equivalent sources, network analysis

AC: Characteristics, RMS, complexe representation, phasor diagrams, power
Three phase AC: Characterisitics, star-delta- connection, power, transformer

Excercises to the analysis of circuits and the calculation of electrical quantities th the topics:

DC networks: Current, voltage, power, Kirchhoff's laws, equivalent sources, 
network analysis

AC: Characteristics, RMS, complexe representation, phasor diagrams, power
Three phase AC: Characterisitics, star-delta- connection, power, transformer

Alexander von Weiss, Manfred Krause: "Allgemeine Elektrotechnik"; Viweg-Verlag, Signatur der Bibliothek der TUHH: ETB 309 
Ralf Kories, Heinz Schmitt - Walter: "Taschenbuch der Elektrotechnik"; Verlag Harri Deutsch; Signatur der Bibliothek der TUHH: ETB 122
"Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik" - andere Autoren

Main features of differential and integrational calculus of several variables 

• Differential calculus for several variables
• Mean value theorems and Taylor's theorem
• Maximum and minimum values
• Implicit functions
• Minimization under equality constraints
• Newton's method for multiple variables
• Fourier series
  
• Double integrals over general regions
• Line and surface integrals
• Theorems of Gauß and Stokes

• http://www.math.uni-hamburg.de/teaching/export/tuhh/index.html

  
  

Main features of the theory and numerical treatment of ordinary differential equations 

• Introduction and elementary methods
• Exsitence and uniqueness of initial value problems
• Linear differential equations
• Stability and qualitative behaviour of the solution
• Boundary value problems and basic concepts of calculus of variations
• Eigenvalue problems
• Numerical methods for the integration of initial and boundary value problems
• Classification of partial differential equations
  
  

• http://www.math.uni-hamburg.de/teaching/export/tuhh/index.html

  
  

8. Cycle processes

7. Gas - vapor - mixtures

10. Open sytems with constant flow rates

11. Combustion processes

12. Special fields of Thermodynamics

• Schmitz, G.: Technische Thermodynamik, TuTech Verlag, Hamburg, 2009

• Baehr, H.D.; Kabelac, S.: Thermodynamik, 15. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Berlin 2012

• Potter, M.; Somerton, C.: Thermodynamics for Engineers, Mc GrawHill, 1993

In the Practical Course in Measurement Technology the theory from the lectures "Physical Fundamentals of Measurement Technology" and "Measurement Technology" will be applied in practice. In small groups students learn how to handle different measurement techniques from industry and research. During the practical course, a wide range of different measurement methods will be taught, including the use of HLPC columns for qualitative mass analysis, the determination of mass transfer coefficients using optical oxygen sensors or the evaluation of image data to obtain process parameters. The practical course also teaches how measurement data are statistically evaluated and experiments are correctly documented. 

Hug, H.: Instrumentelle Analytik. Theorie und Praxis. Verlag Europa-Lehrmittel, Haan-Gruiten, 2015.

Kamke, W.: Der Umgang mit experimentellen Daten, insbesondere Fehleranalyse, im physikalischen Anfänger-Praktikum. Eine elementare Einführung. W. Kamke, Kirchzarten [Keltenring 197], 2010.

Strohrmann, G.: Messtechnik im Chemiebetrieb. Einführung in das Messen verfahrenstechnischer Größen. Oldenbourg, München, 2004.

Basic introduction to measurement technology for process engineers. Includes error calculation, measurement units, calibration, measurement data analysis, measurement techniques and sensors. Particular attention is paid to the measurement of temperature, pressure, flow and level. The lecture provides insights into the latest developments in sensor technology in measurement technology and process engineering.

Fraden, Jacob (2016): Handbook of Modern Sensors. Physics, Designs, and Applications. 5th ed. 2016. Cham, New York: Springer. Online verfügbar unter http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=1081958.

Hering, Ekbert; Schönfelder, Gert (2018): Sensoren in Wissenschaft und Technik. Funktionsweise und Einsatzgebiete. 2. Aufl. 2018. Online verfügbar unter http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12562-2.

Strohrmann, Günther (2004): Messtechnik im Chemiebetrieb. Einführung in das Messen verfahrenstechnischer Größen. 10., durchges. Aufl. München: Oldenbourg.

Tränkler, Hans-Rolf; Reindl, Leonhard M. (2014): Sensortechnik. Handbuch für Praxis und Wissenschaft. 2., völlig neu bearb. Aufl. Berlin: Springer Vieweg (VDI-Buch). Online verfügbar unter http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29942-1.

Webster, John G.; Eren, Halit B. (2014): Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, Second Edition. Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical, and Biomedical Measurement. 2nd ed. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Online verfügbar unter http://gbv.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1407945.

Classical mechanics - kinematics, dynamics, energy, momentum and conservation laws, rigid bodies, translation and rotation, angular momentum.
Mechanics of gases and fluids - hydrostatics and hydrodynamics 
Thermodynamics - temperature, heat, heat transport, ideal gas, changes of state, cyclic processes, laws of thermodynamics
Electricity - electrostatics, electrical conduction, magnetism, Lorentz force, Maxwell's equations (integral form)

The practical course Environmental Engineering currently consists of 5 experiments, which deal with the different focal points of environmental engineering in the areas of air, water, soil, energy and noise. The following experiments are carried out for this purpose:

biological degradation of artificial materials,

fine dust measurement in the air,

water analysis,

noise emission measurement,

photovoltaic energy 

Within the lab course students discuss the various technical and scientific tasks, both subject-specific and multidisciplinary. They discuss different approaches to the task as well as it's theoretical or practical implementation.

In this course, modern analytical methods are presented that are used for the quantification of pollutants in the environmental compartments soil, water and air. In doing so, the students deepen their theoretical knowledge with regard to working with standardized methods and learn to make statements about the quality of test results.    

1. Introductory seminar on environmental science:
2. Environmental impact and adverse effects
3. Wastewater technology
4. Air pollution control
5. Noise protection
6. Waste and recycling management
7. Soil and ground water protection
8. Renewable energies
9. Resource conservation and energy efficiency

Förster, U.: Umweltschutztechnik; 2012; Springer Berlin (Verlag) 8., Aufl. 2012; 978-3-642-22972-5 (ISBN)

• fluid properties
  
• hydrostatic
• overall balances - theory of streamline
• overall balances- conservation equations
• differential balances - Navier Stokes equations
• irrotational flows - Potenzialströmungen
• flow around bodies - theory of physical similarity
  
• turbulent flows
• compressible flows
  

1. Crowe, C. T.: Engineering fluid mechanics. Wiley, New York, 2009.
2. Durst, F.: Strömungsmechanik: Einführung in die Theorie der Strömungen von Fluiden. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.
3. Fox, R.W.; et al.: Introduction to Fluid Mechanics. J. Wiley & Sons, 1994
4. Herwig, H.: Strömungsmechanik: Eine Einführung in die Physik und die mathematische Modellierung von Strömungen. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2006
5. Herwig, H.: Strömungsmechanik: Einführung in die Physik von technischen Strömungen: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2008
6. Kuhlmann, H.C.:  Strömungsmechanik. München, Pearson Studium, 2007
7. Oertl, H.: Strömungsmechanik: Grundlagen, Grundgleichungen, Lösungsmethoden, Softwarebeispiele. Vieweg+ Teubner Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2009
8. Schade, H.; Kunz, E.: Strömungslehre. Verlag de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, 2007
9. Truckenbrodt, E.: Fluidmechanik 1: Grundlagen und elementare Strömungsvorgänge dichtebeständiger Fluide. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008
10. Schlichting, H. : Grenzschicht-Theorie. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2006
11. van Dyke, M.: An Album of Fluid Motion. The Parabolic Press, Stanford California, 1882.
12. White, F.: Fluid Mechanics, Mcgraw-Hill, ISBN-10: 0071311211, ISBN-13: 978-0071311212, 2011

In the group exercise, the contents of the lecture are taken up and deepened by means of exercises. The exercise tasks correspond in quality and scope to the tasks of the written exam. Topics: Reynolds transport-theorem, pipe flow, free jet, angular momentum, Navier-Stokes equations, potential theory, mock exam, pipe hydraulics, pump design.

Heinz Herwig: Strömungsmechanik, Eine Einführung in die Physik und die mathematische Modellierung von Strömungen, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 978-3-540-32441-6 (ISBN)

Herbert Oertel, Martin Böhle, Thomas Reviol: Strömungsmechanik für Ingenieure und Naturwissenschaftler, Springer Verlag, Berlin, ISBN: 978-3-658-07786-0

Joseph Spurk, Nuri Aksel: Strömungslehre, Einführung in die Theorie der Strömungen, Springer Verlag, Berlin, ISBN: 978-3-642-13143-1.

In the exercise-lecture the topics from the main lecture are discussed intensively and transferred into application. For that, the students receive example tasks for download. The students solve these problems based on the lecture material either independently or in small groups. The solution is discussed with the students under scientific supervision and parts of the solutions are presented on the chalk board. At the end of each exercise-lecture, the correct solution is presented on the chalk board. Parallel to the exercise-lecture tutorials are held where the student solve exam questions under a set time-frame in small groups and discuss the solutions afterwards.

1. Crowe, C. T.: Engineering fluid mechanics. Wiley, New York, 2009.
2. Durst, F.: Strömungsmechanik: Einführung in die Theorie der Strömungen von Fluiden. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006.
3. Fox, R.W.; et al.: Introduction to Fluid Mechanics. J. Wiley & Sons, 1994
4. Herwig, H.: Strömungsmechanik: Eine Einführung in die Physik und die mathematische Modellierung von Strömungen. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2006
5. Herwig, H.: Strömungsmechanik: Einführung in die Physik von technischen Strömungen: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2008
6. Kuhlmann, H.C.:  Strömungsmechanik. München, Pearson Studium, 2007
7. Oertl, H.: Strömungsmechanik: Grundlagen, Grundgleichungen, Lösungsmethoden, Softwarebeispiele. Vieweg+ Teubner Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2009
8. Schade, H.; Kunz, E.: Strömungslehre. Verlag de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, 2007
9. Truckenbrodt, E.: Fluidmechanik 1: Grundlagen und elementare Strömungsvorgänge dichtebeständiger Fluide. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008
10. Schlichting, H. : Grenzschicht-Theorie. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2006
11. van Dyke, M.: An Album of Fluid Motion. The Parabolic Press, Stanford California, 1882.
12. White, F.: Fluid Mechanics, Mcgraw-Hill, ISBN-10: 0071311211, ISBN-13: 978-0071311212, 2011

This lecture focusses on urban drainage and wastewater treatment.

Urban Drainage 

• Design of urban drainage systems (combined and separate sewer systems) 
• Special structures  
• Rainwater management

Wastewater treatement

• Mechanical treatment (Screens, Grit chamber, Preliminary Sedimentation, Secondary Settlement Tanks, Membrane Filtration)
  
• Biological Treatment (aerobic, anaerobic, anoxic)
• Special Wastewater Treatment Processes (Ozonation, Adsorption)
  

Die hier aufgeführte Literatur ist in der Bibliothek der TUHH verfügbar.

The literature listed below is available in the library of the TUHH.

• Taschenbuch der Stadtentwässerung : mit 10 Tafeln und 67 Tabellen, Imhoff, K., & . (2009). (31., verbesserte Aufl.). München: Oldenbourg Industrieverl.
• Abwasser : Technik und Kontrolle. Neitzel, Volkmar, and. . Weinheim [u.a.]: Wiley-VCH, 1998.
• Kommunale Kläranlagen : Bemessung, Erweiterung, Optimierung, Betrieb und Kosten, (2009). Günthert, F. Wolfgang: (3., völlig neu bearb. Aufl.). Renningen: expert-Verl.
• Water and wastewater technology Hammer, M. J. 1., & . (2012). (7. ed., internat. ed.). Boston [u.a.]: Pearson Education International.
• Water and wastewater engineering : design principles and practice: Davis, M. L. 1. (2011). . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
• Biological wastewater treatment: (2011). C. P. Leslie Grady, Jr.  (3. ed.). London, Boca Raton,  Fla. [u.a.]: IWA Publ. 

The lecture on drinking water supply provides students with a basic understanding of the entire water supply system, encompassing water catchment, water treatment including pump systems, water storage, and the distribution system that carries water to the consumer.

Initially, basics in hydraulics and pump systems are presented (system curve and pump curve). Students learn how the duty point of the pump is determined.  Students learn about different water resources and will be able to design groundwater wells. Students learn how to determine water demand and derive planning values for designing the different elements of a water supply system (e.g. firefighting requirements). The functions of reservoirs, their design and arrangement in the water supply system are explained.  Students will be able to design simple water distribution systems.

A further part of the lecture deals with the processes involved in drinking water supply. This includes a presentation of the essential mechanisms and layout parameters for sedimentation, filtration, coagulation, membrane treatment, adsorption, water softening, gas exchange, ion exchange and disinfection. The basics of process treatment technology will be built on with parallel analysis of the impacts on chemical and physical water quality parameters.

Gujer, Willi (2007): Siedlungswasserwirtschaft. 3., bearb. Aufl., Springer-Verlag.

Karger, R., Cord-Landwehr, K., Hoffmann, F. (2005): Wasserversorgung. 12., vollst. überarb. Aufl., Teubner Verlag

Rautenberg, J. et al. (2014): Mutschmann/Stimmelmayr Taschenbuch der Wasserversorgung. 16. Aufl., Springer-Vieweg Verlag.

DVGW Lehr- und Handbuch Wasserversorgung: Wasseraufbereitung - Grundlagen und Verfahren, m. CD-ROM: Band 6 (2003).

• Electrical energy in the energy system
• Demand and use of electrical energy (households, industry, "new" buyers (including e-mobility))
• Electricity generation
  • electricity generation technologies using fossil fuels and their characteristics
  • combined heat and power technologies and their production characteristics
  • electricity generation from renewable energy technologies and their characteristics
• Power distribution
  • "classic" distribution of electrical energy
  • challenges of fluctuating electricity generation by distributed systems (electricity market, electricity stock exchange, emissions trading)
• District heating industry
• Legal and administrative aspects
  • Energy Act
  • support instruments for renewable energy
  • CHP Act
• Cost and efficiency calculation

Folien der Vorlesung

This lecture addresses the mechanisms by which price formation works in global and national energy markets. For this purpose, the global price formation mechanism for crude oil and for natural gas and coal is explained. The national energy markets (e.g. power exchange, gas markets) are also discussed. The legal framework, which is ultimately decisive for market price formation, is always addressed. In this context, the various instruments with which the energy markets are to be influenced in such a way that climate protection already takes effect with market-based measures are also discussed. The expected future development/change of the energy markets against the background of the increasing use of renewable energies will also be addressed.

The aim of this lecture is to present and discuss the different fossil energy systems in their entirety. This includes the petroleum, natural gas, hard coal, lignite and nuclear energy systems. In each case, the formation processes, the exploration technologies, the exploration processes, the extraction technologies, the further processing processes and the corresponding utilization are presented. In addition, the respective markets and their development, the existing reserves and resources, and the environmental effects associated with extraction and utilization are discussed. A total system approach is pursued, which includes a presentation of the entire energy system including the given interdependencies and (geo)political dependencies. The current changes in these energy systems for Germany and internationally, and those that are expected in the coming years, are also discussed. In addition, the respective reserve and resource availability is illuminated.

• Regulatory requirements (including desulfurization)
• Overview of today's fossil fuels

o Gasoline,

o diesel,

o natural gas (GtL, CNG, LNG),

o kerosene,

o marine fuels

o Other fuels

• Markets and market developments
• CO2 analyses of the various options per application area
• Global megatrends and future challenges
• Developments in vehicle and drive technologies
• Energy scenarios up to 2050 and significance for the mobility sector

Eigene Unterlagen, Veröffentlichungen, Fachliteratur

Own documents, publications, technical literature

• Regulatory requirements of "alternative" fuels (e.g. RED)
• Overview of today's alternative fuels

o Biodiesel / HEFA

o Bioethanol

o Biomethane

o Other fuels

• Overview of future alternative fuels

o 2nd generation biofuels

o Hydrogen and hydrogen derivatives

o Electricity-based fuels

o Other fuels

• Electromobility

o with battery

o with hydrogen fuel cell

• Markets and market developments
• CO2 analyses of the various options per application area
• Global megatrends and future challenges
• Developments in vehicle and drive technologies
• Energy scenarios up to 2050 and significance for the mobility sector
  

Eigene Unterlagen, Veröffentlichungen, Fachliteratur

Literature: Own documents, publications, technical literature

This module includes a presentation of the renewable energy supply and a discussion of the respective technologies for providing the desired final or useful energy. Specifically, this includes the options for solar energy use for heat and power generation (i.e., passive solar energy use, solar collectors for low-temperature heat provision, solar thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation), wind energy use for power generation (i.e. onshore and offshore wind power use), hydroelectric power use for electricity generation (i.e., run-of-river and storage hydroelectric power), ocean energy use for electricity generation (including tidal power plants), and geothermal energy use for heat and electricity generation (i.e., near-surface use by means of heat pumps, deep geothermal energy use for heat and/or electricity generation).

Kaltschmitt, M.; Streicher, W.; Wiese, A. (Hrsg.): Erneuerbare Energien - System­technik, Wirtschaft­lichkeit, Umweltaspekte; Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2020, 6. Auflage

Students work on different tasks in the field of renewable energies. They present their solutions in the exercise lesson and discuss it with other students and the lecturer.

Possible tasks in the field of renewable energies are:

• Solar thermal heat
• Concentrating solare power
• Photovoltaic
• Windenergie
• Hydropower
• Heat pump

Deep geothermal energy

Kaltschmitt, M.; Streicher, W.; Wiese, A. (Hrsg.): Erneuerbare Energien - System­technik, Wirtschaft­lichkeit, Umweltaspekte; Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2020, 6. Auflage

1. Heat transfer
   • Introduction, one-dimensional heat conduction
   • Convective heat transfer
   • Multidimensional heat conduction
   • Non-steady heat conduction
   • Thermal radiation
2. Mass transfer
   • one-way diffusion, equimolar countercurrent diffusion
   • boundary layer theory, non-steady mass transfer
   • Heat and mass transfer single particle/ fixed bed
   • Mass transfer and chemical reactions

1. H.D. Baehr und K. Stephan: Wärme- und Stoffübertragung, Springer
2. VDI-Wärmeatlas

Signals and systems

• Linear systems, differential equations and transfer functions
• First and second order systems, poles and zeros, impulse and step response
• Stability

Feedback systems

• Principle of feedback, open-loop versus closed-loop control
• Reference tracking and disturbance rejection
• Types of feedback, PID control
• System type and steady-state error, error constants
• Internal model principle

Root locus techniques

• Root locus plots
• Root locus design of PID controllers

Frequency response techniques

• Bode diagram
• Minimum and non-minimum phase systems
• Nyquist plot, Nyquist stability criterion, phase and gain margin
• Loop shaping, lead lag compensation
• Frequency response interpretation of PID control

Time delay systems

• Root locus and frequency response of time delay systems
• Smith predictor

Digital control

• Sampled-data systems, difference equations
• Tustin approximation, digital implementation of PID controllers

Software tools

• Introduction to Matlab, Simulink, Control toolbox
• Computer-based exercises throughout the course

• Werner, H., Lecture Notes „Introduction to Control Systems“
• G.F. Franklin, J.D. Powell and A. Emami-Naeini "Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems", Addison Wesley, Reading, MA, 2009
• K. Ogata "Modern Control Engineering", Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2010
• R.C. Dorf and R.H. Bishop, "Modern Control Systems", Addison Wesley, Reading, MA 2010

Skripte der Vorlesungen

Skript der Vorlesung

• Introduction; definitions; significance of costs and economic calculations for projects; prices and costs; costs of systems versus costs of individual projects
• Cost estimates and cost calculations; definitions; cost calculation; cost estimation; calculation of costs for provision of work and power
• Economic calculation; definitions; methods: static methods, dynamic methods; project view versus view from the overall economy; power and work in economic calculation
• Consideration of uncertainties in projects; definitions; technical uncertainties; cost uncertainties; other uncertainties
• Cost projections; approaches and methods; assessment of uncertainties
• Project financing; definitions; project versus corporate financing; financing models; equity ratio, DSCR; addressing risks in project financing

Skript der Vorlesung

• Introduction in the thermal process engineering and to the main features of separation processes
• Simple equilibrium processes, several steps processes
• Distillation of binary mixtures, enthalpy-concentration diagrams
• Extractive and azeotrope distillation, water vapor distillation, stepwise distillation
• Extraction: separation ternary systems, ternary diagram
• Multiphase separation including complex mixtures
• Designing of separation devices without discrete stages
• Drying
• Chromatographic separation processes
• Membrane separation
• Energy demand of separation processes
• Advance overview of separation processes
• Selection of separation processes

• G. Brunner: Skriptum Thermische Verfahrenstechnik
• J. King: Separation Processes, McGraw-Hill, 2. Aufl. 1980
• Sattler: Thermische Trennverfahren, VCH, Weinheim 1995
• J.D. Seader, E.J. Henley: Separation Process Principles, Wiley, New York, 1998.
• Mersmann: Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, Springer, 1980
• Grassmann, Widmer, Sinn: Einführung in die Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, 3. Aufl., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1997
• Brunner, G.: Gas extraction. An introduction to fundamentals of supercritical fluids and the application to separation processes. Steinkopff, Darmstadt; Springer, New York; 1994. ISBN 3-7985-0944-1 ; ISBN 0-387-91477-3 .
• R. Goedecke (Hrsg.): Fluid-Verfahrenstechnik, Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, 2006.
  • Perry"s Chemical Engineers" Handbook, R.H. Perry, D.W. Green, J.O. Maloney (Hrsg.), 6th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York 1984 Ullmann"s Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie

• Introduction in the thermal process engineering and to the main features of separation processes
• Simple equilibrium processes, several steps processes
• Distillation of binary mixtures, enthalpy-concentration diagrams
• Extractive and azeotrope distillation, water vapor distillation, stepwise distillation
• Extraction: separation ternary systems, ternary diagram
• Multiphase separation including complex mixtures
• Designing of separation devices without discrete stages
• Drying
• Chromatographic separation processes
• Membrane separation
• Energy demand of separation processes
• Advance overview of separation processes
• Selection of separation processes

The students work on tasks in small groups and present their results in front of all students.

• G. Brunner: Skriptum Thermische Verfahrenstechnik
• J. King: Separation Processes, McGraw-Hill, 2. Aufl. 1980
• Sattler: Thermische Trennverfahren, VCH, Weinheim 1995
• J.D. Seader, E.J. Henley: Separation Process Principles, Wiley, New York, 1998.
• Mersmann: Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, Springer, 1980
• Grassmann, Widmer, Sinn: Einführung in die Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, 3. Aufl., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1997
• Brunner, G.: Gas extraction. An introduction to fundamentals of supercritical fluids and the application to separation processes. Steinkopff, Darmstadt; Springer, New York; 1994. ISBN 3-7985-0944-1 ; ISBN 0-387-91477-3 .
• R. Goedecke (Hrsg.): Fluid-Verfahrenstechnik, Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, 2006.
• Perry"s Chemical Engineers" Handbook, R.H. Perry, D.W. Green, J.O. Maloney (Hrsg.), 6th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York 1984 Ullmann"s Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie

• Introduction in the thermal process engineering and to the main features of separation processes
• Simple equilibrium processes, several steps processes
• Distillation of binary mixtures, enthalpy-concentration diagrams
• Extractive and azeotrope distillation, water vapor distillation, stepwise distillation
• Extraction: separation ternary systems, ternary diagram
• Multiphase separation including complex mixtures
• Designing of separation devices without discrete stages
• Drying
• Chromatographic separation processes
• Membrane separation
• Energy demand of separation processes
• Advance overview of separation processes
• Selection of separation processes

• G. Brunner: Skriptum Thermische Verfahrenstechnik
• J. King: Separation Processes, McGraw-Hill, 2. Aufl. 1980
• Sattler: Thermische Trennverfahren, VCH, Weinheim 1995
• J.D. Seader, E.J. Henley: Separation Process Principles, Wiley, New York, 1998.
• Mersmann: Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, Springer, 1980
• Grassmann, Widmer, Sinn: Einführung in die Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, 3. Aufl., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1997
• Brunner, G.: Gas extraction. An introduction to fundamentals of supercritical fluids and the application to separation processes. Steinkopff, Darmstadt; Springer, New York; 1994. ISBN 3-7985-0944-1 ; ISBN 0-387-91477-3 .
• R. Goedecke (Hrsg.): Fluid-Verfahrenstechnik, Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, 2006.
• Perry"s Chemical Engineers" Handbook, R.H. Perry, D.W. Green, J.O. Maloney (Hrsg.), 6th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York 1984 Ullmann"s Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie

The students work on eight different experiments in this practical course. For every one of the eight experiments, a colloquium takes place in which the students explain and discuss the theoretical background and its translation into practice with staff and fellow students.

The students work small groups with a high degree of division of labor. For every experiment, the students write a report. They receive instructions in terms of scientific writing as well as feedback on their own reports and level of scientific writing so they can increase their capabilities in this area.

Topics of the practical course:

• Introduction in the thermal process engineering and to the main features of separation processes
• Simple equilibrium processes, several steps processes
• Distillation of binary mixtures, enthalpy-concentration diagrams
• Extractive and azeotrope distillation, water vapor distillation, stepwise distillation
• Extraction: separation ternary systems, ternary diagram
• Multiphase separation including complex mixtures
• Designing of separation devices without discrete stages
• Drying
• Chromatographic separation processes
• Membrane separation
• Energy demand of separation processes
• Advance overview of separation processes
• Selection of separation processes

• G. Brunner: Skriptum Thermische Verfahrenstechnik
• J. King: Separation Processes, McGraw-Hill, 2. Aufl. 1980
• Sattler: Thermische Trennverfahren, VCH, Weinheim 1995
• J.D. Seader, E.J. Henley: Separation Process Principles, Wiley, New York, 1998.
• Mersmann: Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, Springer, 1980
• Grassmann, Widmer, Sinn: Einführung in die Thermische Verfahrenstechnik, 3. Aufl., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1997
• Brunner, G.: Gas extraction. An introduction to fundamentals of supercritical fluids and the application to separation processes. Steinkopff, Darmstadt; Springer, New York; 1994. ISBN 3-7985-0944-1 ; ISBN 0-387-91477-3 .
• R. Goedecke (Hrsg.): Fluid-Verfahrenstechnik, Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, 2006.
• Perry"s Chemical Engineers" Handbook, R.H. Perry, D.W. Green, J.O. Maloney (Hrsg.), 6th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York 1984 Ullmann"s Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie

Fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering, definitions, calculation of species concentrations (reactor, reaction mixture, reactants, products, inerts and solvents, reaction volume, Reaktor volume, chemical reaction, mass, moles, mole fraction, volume, density, molar concentration, mass-concentration, molality, partial pressure, hydrodynamic residence time, space time, extent of reaction, reactor throughput, reactor load, conversion, selectivity, yield, concentration calculations in stationary and flowing multicomponent-mixtures)

Stoichiometry and stoichiometric calculations (simple reactions, complex reactions, key reactions, key species, matrix of stoichiometric coefficients, linear dependent and independent reactions, element-species-matrix, row reduced form of a matrix, rank of a matrix, Gauss Jordan elimination, relation between stoichiometry and kinetics, calculating the extent of reaction from mole number changes in complex reactions)

Thermodynamics (What is thermodynamics?, importance of thermodynamics in chemical reaction engineering, zeroth law of thermodynamics, temperature scales, temperature measurements in praxis, first law of thermodynamics, internal energy, enthalpy, calorimeter, heat of reaction, standard heat of formation, Hess law, heat capacity, Kirchhoff law, standard heat of reaction, pressure dependence of the heat of reaction, second law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, entropy, Clausius inequality, free energy, Gibbs Energy, chemical potential, chemical equilibrium, activity, van't Hoff law, calculation of chemical equilibrium, principle of Le Chatelier and Braun, equilibrium calculations in multiple reaction systems, Lagrange Multipliers)

Chemical kinetics (reversible and irreversible reactions, homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, elementary step, reaction mechanism, microkinetics, macrokinetics, formal kinetics, reaction rate, rate of change of species mole number, Arrhenius-equation, activation energy and pre-exponential factor for komplex reactions, reactions of 0., 1. and 2. order, analytical integration of rate laws, Damköhler-number, differential and integral method of kinetic analysis, laboratory reactors for kinetic measurements, half life, kinetics of complex reactions, parallel reactions, reversible reactions, sequence of reactions, irreversible reaction with pre-equilibrium, reduction of reaction mechanisms, quasi-stationarity principle of Bodenstein, rate limiting step, Michaelis-Menten kinetics, analytical integration of first order differential equations - integrating factor, numerical integration of complex kinetics)

Types of chemical Reaktors (chemical reactors in industry and laboratory, ideal vs. real reaktors, discontinuous, half continuous and continuous reactors, single phase - biphasic- and multiphase reactors, batch-reactor, semi-batch reactor, CSTR, Plug Flow reactor, fixed bed reactor, adiabatic staged reactors, rotating furnaces, fluidized bed reactors, gas-liquid-reactors, multi-phase reactors)

Isothermal ideal reactors (mole-balance of a chemical reactor, mole balance of a batch reactor, integration of the batch reactor mole balance for various kinetics, partial fraction decomposition, mole balance of the semi-batch reactor, mole balance of the plug flow reactor, analogy batch reactor - plug flow reactor, design of plug flow reactors for reactions with volume change and complex reactions, mole balance of a fixed bed reactor, design of a membrane reactor, mole balance of a continuously stirred tank reactor, comparison of CSTR and PFR with respect to conversion and selectivity, mole-balance of a cascade of tank reactors, numerical-interative calculation of a cascade of tank reactors, Newton-Raphson method, graphical analysis of a cascade of tank reactors)

non-isothermal ideal reactors (energy balance of a reactor, adiabatic reactor, adiabatic temperature rise, staged reactor for adiabatic exothermic reactions limited by chemical equilibrium, design of an adiabatic plug flow reactor, Levenspiel-plots, heat transfer through a reactor wall, heat transfer by convection, heat conduction, heat transfer through a cylindrical wall, design of a plug flow reactor in parallel and counter flow, heat balance of the cooling fluid, CSTR with heat exchange, multiple stationary states, ignition-extinction behavior, stability of a CSTR, complex reactions in non-isothermal reactors, optimum temperature profile of a reactor)

lecture notes Raimund Horn

skript Frerich Keil

Books:

M. Baerns, A. Behr, A. Brehm, J. Gmehling, H. Hofmann, U. Onken, A. Renken, Technische Chemie, Wiley-VCH

G. Emig, E. Klemm, Technische Chemie, Springer

A. Behr, D. W. Agar, J. Jörissen, Einführung in die Technische Chemie 

E. Müller-Erlwein, Chemische Reaktionstechnik 2012, 2. Auflage, Teubner Verlag

J. Hagen, Chemiereaktoren: Auslegung und Simulation, 2004, Wiley-VCH

H. S. Fogler, Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice Hall B

H. S. Fogler, Essentials of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice Hall

O. Levenspiel, Chemical Reaction Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 1998 

L. D. Schmidt, The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, Oxford Univ. Press, 2009

J. B. Butt, Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Design, 2000, Marcel Dekker

R. Aris, Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis, Dover Pubn. Inc., 2000

M. E. Davis, R. J. Davis, Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, McGraw Hill

G. F. Froment, K. B. Bischoff, J. De Wilde, Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2010

A. Jess, P. Wasserscheid, Chemical Technology  An Integrated Textbook, WILEY-VCH 

Fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering, definitions, calculation of species concentrations (reactor, reaction mixture, reactants, products, inerts and solvents, reaction volume, Reaktor volume, chemical reaction, mass, moles, mole fraction, volume, density, molar concentration, mass-concentration, molality, partial pressure, hydrodynamic residence time, space time, extent of reaction, reactor throughput, reactor load, conversion, selectivity, yield, concentration calculations in stationary and flowing multicomponent-mixtures)

Stoichiometry and stoichiometric calculations (simple reactions, complex reactions, key reactions, key species, matrix of stoichiometric coefficients, linear dependent and independent reactions, element-species-matrix, row reduced form of a matrix, rank of a matrix, Gauss Jordan elimination, relation between stoichiometry and kinetics, calculating the extent of reaction from mole number changes in complex reactions)

Thermodynamics (What is thermodynamics?, importance of thermodynamics in chemical reaction engineering, zeroth law of thermodynamics, temperature scales, temperature measurements in praxis, first law of thermodynamics, internal energy, enthalpy, calorimeter, heat of reaction, standard heat of formation, Hess law, heat capacity, Kirchhoff law, standard heat of reaction, pressure dependence of the heat of reaction, second law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, entropy, Clausius inequality, free energy, Gibbs Energy, chemical potential, chemical equilibrium, activity, van't Hoff law, calculation of chemical equilibrium, principle of Le Chatelier and Braun, equilibrium calculations in multiple reaction systems, Lagrange Multipliers)

Chemical kinetics (reversible and irreversible reactions, homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, elementary step, reaction mechanism, microkinetics, macrokinetics, formal kinetics, reaction rate, rate of change of species mole number, Arrhenius-equation, activation energy and pre-exponential factor for komplex reactions, reactions of 0., 1. and 2. order, analytical integration of rate laws, Damköhler-number, differential and integral method of kinetic analysis, laboratory reactors for kinetic measurements, half life, kinetics of complex reactions, parallel reactions, reversible reactions, sequence of reactions, irreversible reaction with pre-equilibrium, reduction of reaction mechanisms, quasi-stationarity principle of Bodenstein, rate limiting step, Michaelis-Menten kinetics, analytical integration of first order differential equations - integrating factor, numerical integration of complex kinetics)

Types of chemical Reaktors (chemical reactors in industry and laboratory, ideal vs. real reaktors, discontinuous, half continuous and continuous reactors, single phase - biphasic- and multiphase reactors, batch-reactor, semi-batch reactor, CSTR, Plug Flow reactor, fixed bed reactor, adiabatic staged reactors, rotating furnaces, fluidized bed reactors, gas-liquid-reactors, multi-phase reactors)

Isothermal ideal reactors (mole-balance of a chemical reactor, mole balance of a batch reactor, integration of the batch reactor mole balance for various kinetics, partial fraction decomposition, mole balance of the semi-batch reactor, mole balance of the plug flow reactor, analogy batch reactor - plug flow reactor, design of plug flow reactors for reactions with volume change and complex reactions, mole balance of a fixed bed reactor, design of a membrane reactor, mole balance of a continuously stirred tank reactor, comparison of CSTR and PFR with respect to conversion and selectivity, mole-balance of a cascade of tank reactors, numerical-interative calculation of a cascade of tank reactors, Newton-Raphson method, graphical analysis of a cascade of tank reactors)

non-isothermal ideal reactors (energy balance of a reactor, adiabatic reactor, adiabatic temperature rise, staged reactor for adiabatic exothermic reactions limited by chemical equilibrium, design of an adiabatic plug flow reactor, Levenspiel-plots, heat transfer through a reactor wall, heat transfer by convection, heat conduction, heat transfer through a cylindrical wall, design of a plug flow reactor in parallel and counter flow, heat balance of the cooling fluid, CSTR with heat exchange, multiple stationary states, ignition-extinction behavior, stability of a CSTR, complex reactions in non-isothermal reactors, optimum temperature profile of a reactor)

lecture notes Raimund Horn

skript Frerich Keil

Books:

M. Baerns, A. Behr, A. Brehm, J. Gmehling, H. Hofmann, U. Onken, A. Renken, Technische Chemie, Wiley-VCH

G. Emig, E. Klemm, Technische Chemie, Springer

A. Behr, D. W. Agar, J. Jörissen, Einführung in die Technische Chemie 

E. Müller-Erlwein, Chemische Reaktionstechnik 2012, 2. Auflage, Teubner Verlag

J. Hagen, Chemiereaktoren: Auslegung und Simulation, 2004, Wiley-VCH

H. S. Fogler, Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice Hall B

H. S. Fogler, Essentials of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Prentice Hall

O. Levenspiel, Chemical Reaction Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 1998 

L. D. Schmidt, The Engineering of Chemical Reactions, Oxford Univ. Press, 2009

J. B. Butt, Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Design, 2000, Marcel Dekker

R. Aris, Elementary Chemical Reactor Analysis, Dover Pubn. Inc., 2000

M. E. Davis, R. J. Davis, Fundamentals of Chemical Reaction Engineering, McGraw Hill

G. F. Froment, K. B. Bischoff, J. De Wilde, Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2010

A. Jess, P. Wasserscheid, Chemical Technology  An Integrated Textbook, WILEY-VCH 

Performing and evaluation of experiments concerning chemical reaction engineering with emphasis on ideal reactors:

* Batch reactor - Estimation of kinetic parameters for the saponification of ethylacetate

*CSTR - Residence time distribution, reaction

*CSTR in Series - Residence time distribution, reaction

* Plug Flow Reactor - Residence time distribution, reaction

Before the practical conduct of the experiments a colloquium takes place in which the students explain, reflect and discuss the theoretical basics and their translation into practice.

The students write up a report for every experiment. They receive feedback to their level of scientific writing (citation methods, labeling of graphs, etc.), so that they can improve their competence in this field over the course of the practical course.

Levenspiel, O.: Chemical reaction engineering; John Wiley & Sons, New York, 3. Ed., 1999 VTM 309(LB)

Praktikumsskript

Skript Chemische Verfahrenstechnik 1 (F.Keil)

Students carry out a research project in a scientific field under the guidance of an academic staff member. For this purpose, the student can approach the staff of the respective institute and discuss a topic. The topic is then worked on within 4 weeks and regular consultations are held with the supervisor. The student research project should be the size of a scientific article and must be presented to the lecturer after completion as part of a presentation (approx. 15 minutes).

The seminar offers an introduction into the diverse aspects of academic research and writing: Finding the topic, finding specialized information, knowledge organisation, writing, presenting and publishing. Suggestions for reflecting own processes of learning, informing and writing - in addition to practical recommendations and tips - facilitate the start and the creation of bachelor and master theses, works, which bring thoroughly self-fulfillment and make fun.

Topics of the seminar will be in particular

• Scientific scholarship and academic research methods:
• Introduction, organization, attributes of science:
  How is scientific knowledge created?
  Work scheduling, finding topics, time management, specialities of academic research in engineering
• Finding specialized information: Full texts and library resources, databases http://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/subject-information/informing-points-to-survive/
• Reference management: http://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/publishing/reference-management/
  Knowledge organisation and creating publications with Citavi
• Citing correctly and avoiding plagiarism
• Preparing and doing presentations

1. Semesterapparat "Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten" in der TU-Bibliothek: http://tinyurl.com/Semesterapparat-Wiss-Arbeiten
2. Weblog Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten der TU-Bibliothek: https://www.tub.tuhh.de/wissenschaftliches-arbeiten/
3. Online-Tutorial VISION der TU-Bibliothek zum wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten: https://www.vision.tuhh.de (funktioniert nur mit installiertem Flash)
4. Andreas Hirsch-Weber, Stefan Scherer: Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten und Abschlussarbeit in Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften : Grundlagen, Praxisbeispiele, Übungen. Stuttgart: Ulmer, 2016.
5. Werner Sesink: Einführung in das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten : inklusive E-Learning, Web-Recherche, digitale Präsentation u.a. 9., aktualisierte Aufl. München : Oldenbourg, 2012.
6. Judith Theuerkauf: Schreiben im Ingenieurstudium : effektiv und effizient zur Bachelor-, Master- und Doktorarbeit. Paderborn : Schöningh, 2012.
7. Wolfsberger, Judith: Frei geschrieben : Mut, Freiheit & Strategie für wissenschaftliche Abschlussarbeiten. Wien: Böhlau, 2010
8. Biedermann, Wieland u.a.: Forschungsmethodik in den Ingenieurwissenschaften : Skript vom Lehrstuhl für Produktentwicklung, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann, Technische Universität München (TUM), 2012. https://www.mw.tum.de/fileadmin/w00btx/lpl/Documents/Forschungsmethodik_Skript.pdf
9. Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten - HOOU Angebot der HCU Hamburg: https://blogs.hoou.de/wissarbeiten/

1. Course Reserves Collection "Scholarly Research Methods" in the TUHH library: http://tinyurl.com/Semesterapparat-Wiss-Arbeiten
2. Scholarly research methods via TUHH library Website: https://www.tub.tuhh.de/en/scholarly-research-methods/
3. VISION - Online-Tutorial on research methods by the TUHH library: http://www.vision.tuhh.de (Flash has to be installed)
4. Scientific papers and presentations / Martha Davis. 3. ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier / Academic Press, 2013. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780123847270 
5. Writing for science and engineering : papers, presentations and reports / Heather Silyn-Roberts. 2nd ed. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2013. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780080982854
6. How to research / Loraine Blaxter, Christina Hughes and Malcolm Tight. Maidenhead : Open Univ. Press, 2010.
7. Managing information for research : practical help in researching, writing and designing dissertations / Elizabeth Orna and Graham Stevens. Maidenhead : Open University Press McGraw-Hill, 2009.
8. Writing scientific research articles : strategy and steps / Margaret Cargill and Patrick O’Connor. Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

In the lecture we will learn the basic characteristics of organisms of all kingdoms of life. This includes cell biology as well as cell physiology. We understand the energetic foundations of living systems and the variety of possible metabolic concepts of life. From these basic laws we will understand how and to what extent an application and genetic reprogramming of organisms for application can take place.

Fuchs: Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, 11. vollständig überarbeitete Auflage 2022; ISBN: 9783132434776

Brock: Biology of Microorganisms, ISBN-13:  9780134626109

The aim of the practical course is to teach basic microbiological and molecular biological techniques on the basis of individual research assignments and control experiments. In doing so, organisms are to be isolated in this practical course, which will be further processed by students of the 4th and 6th semester in two independent modules. 

Steinbüchel: Mikrobiologisches Praktikum, ISBN:  978-3-662-63234-5

The aim of the introductory lecture is to explain different methods used and their range of application. In addition, we will clarify specific physiological characteristics of the microorganisms to be isolated.  

Steinbüchel: Mikrobiologisches Praktikum, ISBN:  978-3-662-63234-5

• Introduction to enzyme kinetics
• Immobilisation of enzymes and whole cells
• Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation
• Microbial growth kinetics and growth models
• Maintenance metabolism
• Basic bioprocess reactor types
• Batch, fed-batch, chemostate and turbidostate fermentation
• Calculation of main parameters of fermentative processes
• Rheology and mechanical energy input
• Gassing of bioprocesses (aerobic and microaerobic)
• Discussion with bioprocess engineers of large and small companies, proportionally alumni of TUHH
• Repetitorium

A. Liese, K. Seelbach, C. Wandrey: Industrial Biotransformations, Wiley-VCH,2nd ed. 2006

H.W. Blanch, D. Clark: Biochemical Engineering, Taylor & Francis, 1997 

P. M. Doran: Bioprocess Engineering Principles, 2nd. edition, Academic Press, 2013

H. Chmiel, R. Takors, D. Weuster-Botz (Herausgeber): Bioprozeßtechnik, Springer Spektrum, 2018

K.-E. Jaeger, A. Liese, C. Syldatk: Einführung in die Enzymtechnologie, Springer, 2018

In this course fermentation and downstream technologies on the example of the production of an enzyme by means of a recombinant microorganism is learned. Detailed characterization and simulation of enzyme kinetics as well as application of the enzyme in a bioreactor is carried out.

· Praktikumsskript bereitgestellt über StudIP

· Bioprozesstechnik-Vorlesung & -Vorlesungsskript

· Jaeger, K.-E., Liese, A., Syldatk, C. (2018). Einführung in die Enzymtechnologie. Springer Spektrum.

· Hilterhaus, L., Liese, A., Kettling, U., Antranikian, G. (2016). Applied Biocatalysis. Wiley-VCH.

· Hass, V. C., Pörtner, R. (2011). Praxis der Bioprozesstechnik mit virtuellem Praktikum. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.

· Chmiel, H. (2018). Bioprozesstechnik. Springer Spektrum.

· Liese, A., Seelbach, K., Wandrey, C. (2006). Industrial Biotransformations. Wiley-VCH.

· Bommarius, S., Riebel, B. (2004). Biocatalysis: Fundamentals and Applications. Wiley-Blackwell.

· Schmid, R. D. (2003). Pocket Guide to Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering. Wiley-Blackwell.

In the management tutorial, the contents of the lecture will be deepened by practical examples and the application of the discussed tools.

If there is adequate demand, a problem-oriented tutorial will be offered in parallel, which students can choose alternatively. Here, students work in groups on self-selected projects that focus on the elaboration of an innovative business idea from the point of view of an established company or a startup. Again, the business knowledge from the lecture should come to practical use. The group projects are guided by a mentor.

• Introduction to Business and Management, Business versus Economics, relevant areas in Business and Management
• Important definitions from Management, 
• Developing Objectives for Business, and their relation to important Business functions
  
• Business Functions: Functions of the Value Chain, e.g. Production and Procurement, Supply Chain Management, Innovation Management, Marketing and Sales
  Cross-sectional Functions, e.g. Organisation, Human Ressource Management, Supply Chain Management, Information Management
• Definitions as information, information systems, aspects of data security and strategic information systems
• Definition and Relevance of innovations, e.g. innovation opporunities, risks etc.
• Relevance of marketing, B2B vs. B2C-Marketing
• different techniques from the field of marketing (e.g. scenario technique), pricing strategies
• important organizational structures
• basics of human ressource management
• Introduction to Business Planning and the steps of a planning process
• Decision Analysis: Elements of decision problems and methods for solving decision problems
• Selected Planning Tasks, e.g. Investment and Financial Decisions
  
• Introduction to Accounting: Accounting, Balance-Sheets, Costing
• Relevance of Controlling and selected Controlling methods
• Important aspects of Entrepreneurship projects
  

  
  

  
  

Bamberg, G., Coenenberg, A.: Betriebswirtschaftliche Entscheidungslehre, 14. Aufl., München 2008

Eisenführ, F., Weber, M.: Rationales Entscheiden, 4. Aufl., Berlin et al. 2003

Heinhold, M.: Buchführung in Fallbeispielen, 10. Aufl., Stuttgart 2006.

Kruschwitz, L.: Finanzmathematik. 3. Auflage, München 2001.

Pellens, B., Fülbier, R. U., Gassen, J., Sellhorn, T.: Internationale Rechnungslegung, 7. Aufl., Stuttgart 2008.

Schweitzer, M.: Planung und Steuerung, in: Bea/Friedl/Schweitzer: Allgemeine Betriebswirtschaftslehre, Bd. 2: Führung, 9. Aufl., Stuttgart 2005.

Weber, J., Schäffer, U. : Einführung in das Controlling, 12. Auflage, Stuttgart 2008.

Weber, J./Weißenberger, B.: Einführung in das Rechnungswesen, 7. Auflage, Stuttgart 2006. 

Methods and tools

- Global balances, flowsheets of processes, balance compensation and data validation

Process synthesis

- Structure of process engineering processes, decision levels in process development, reactor synthesis, synthesis of separation processes, alternatives and selection criteria, energy integration

Cost accounting and project management

Manufacturing costs, investment costs, economic evaluation and fundamentals of project management

1. Introduction: Applications of thermodynamics of mixtures
2. Thermodynamic equations in multi-component systems: Fundamental equations, chemical potential, fugacity
3. Phase equilibria of pure substances: thermodynamic equilibrium, vapor pressure, Gibbs’ phase rule
4. Equations of state: virial equations, van-der-Waals equation, generalized equations of state
5. Mixing properties: ideal and real mixtures, excess properties, partial molar properties
6. Vapor-liquid-equilibria: binary systems, azeotropes, equilibrium condition
7. Gas-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, Henry-coefficient
8. G^E-Models: Hildebrand-model, Flory-Huggins-model, Wilson-model, UNIQUAC, UNIFAC
9. Liquid-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, phase equilibria in binary and ternary systems
10. Solid-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, binary systems
11. Chemical reactions: reaction coordinate, mass action law, influence of pressure and temperature
12. Osmotic pressure

• Jürgen Gmehling, Bärbel Kolbe: Thermodynamik. VCH 1992
• J.M. Prausnitz, R.N. Lichtenthaler, E.G. de Azevedo: Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, 1999.
• J.W. Tester, M. Modell: Thermodynamics and its Applications. 3^rd ed. Prentice Hall, 1997.J.P. O´Connell, J.M. Haile: Thermodynamics. Cambridge University Press, 2005.

1. Introduction: Applications of thermodynamics of mixtures
2. Thermodynamic equations in multi-component systems: Fundamental equations, chemical potential, fugacity
3. Phase equilibria of pure substances: thermodynamic equilibrium, vapor pressure, Gibbs’ phase rule
4. Equations of state: virial equations, van-der-Waals equation, generalized equations of state
5. Mixing properties: ideal and real mixtures, excess properties, partial molar properties
6. Vapor-liquid-equilibria: binary systems, azeotropes, equilibrium condition
7. Gas-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, Henry-coefficient
8. G^E-Models: Hildebrand-model, Flory-Huggins-model, Wilson-model, UNIQUAC, UNIFAC
9. Liquid-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, phase equilibria in binary and ternary systems
10. Solid-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, binary systems
11. Chemical reactions: reaction coordinate, mass action law, influence of pressure and temperature
12. Osmotic pressure

The students work on tasks in small groups and present their results in front of all students.

• Jürgen Gmehling, Bärbel Kolbe: Thermodynamik. VCH 1992
• J.M. Prausnitz, R.N. Lichtenthaler, E.G. de Azevedo: Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, 1999.
• J.W. Tester, M. Modell: Thermodynamics and its Applications. 3^rd ed. Prentice Hall, 1997.J.P. O´Connell, J.M. Haile: Thermodynamics. Cambridge University Press, 2005.

1. Introduction: Applications of thermodynamics of mixtures
2. Thermodynamic equations in multi-component systems: Fundamental equations, chemical potential, fugacity
3. Phase equilibria of pure substances: thermodynamic equilibrium, vapor pressure, Gibbs’ phase rule
4. Equations of state: virial equations, van-der-Waals equation, generalized equations of state
5. Mixing properties: ideal and real mixtures, excess properties, partial molar properties
6. Vapor-liquid-equilibria: binary systems, azeotropes, equilibrium condition
7. Gas-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, Henry-coefficient
8. G^E-Models: Hildebrand-model, Flory-Huggins-model, Wilson-model, UNIQUAC, UNIFAC
9. Liquid-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, phase equilibria in binary and ternary systems
10. Solid-liquid-equilibria: equilibrium condition, binary systems
11. Chemical reactions: reaction coordinate, mass action law, influence of pressure and temperature
12. Osmotic pressure

• Jürgen Gmehling, Bärbel Kolbe: Thermodynamik. VCH 1992
• J.M. Prausnitz, R.N. Lichtenthaler, E.G. de Azevedo: Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, 1999.
• J.W. Tester, M. Modell: Thermodynamics and its Applications. 3^rd ed. Prentice Hall, 1997.J.P. O´Connell, J.M. Haile: Thermodynamics. Cambridge University Press, 2005.

- Organisation, structure and function of procaryotic DNA

- DNA replication, transcription, translation

- Regulation of gene expression

- Mechanisms of gene transfer, recombination, transposition

- Mutatuion and DNA repair

- DNA cloning

- DNA sequencing

- Polymerase chain reaction

- Genome sequencing, (meta)genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics

Rolf Knippers, Molekulare Genetik, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart

Munk, K. (ed.), Genetik, 2010, Thieme Verlag

John Ringo, Genetik kompakt, 2006, Elsevier GmbH, München

T. A. Brown, Gene und Genome, 2007, 3. Aufl., Spektrum Akademischer Verlag,

Jochen Graw, Genetik, Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 

Widespread techniques of microbiological, biochemical and genetic approaches will be taught during this course.

Before the practical conduct of the experiments a colloquium takes place in which the students explain, reflect and discuss the theoretical basics and their translation into practice.

The students write up a report for every experiment. They receive feedback to their level of scientific writing (citation methods, labeling of graphs, etc.), so that they can improve their competence in this field over the course of the practical course.

Topics and Methods of the course include:

- Morphology and growth of different bacteria strains

- Measuring of microbial growth by turbidity

- Preparation of several culture media

- Strain identification by gram staining and analytical profile index (API test)

- Genetic background identification by 16S rRNA analysis

- Microscopy

- BLAST analyses

- Colony PCR procedure

- Enzyme activity measurements and kinetics (Michaelis-Menten equation, Lineweaver-Burk plot)

- Enzymes as biocatalysts (exemplarily use of enzymes in detergents)

- Measurement of protein concentrations (Bradford protein assay)

- Qualitative and quantitative enzyme activity assay

Brock Mikrobiologie / Brock Microbiology (Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko)

Mikrobiologisches Grundpraktikum (Steve K. Alexander, Dennis Strete)

This lecture deals with the legal framework of biotechnological and chemical work. On the basis of the acts and ordinacesto be considered (e.g. Occupational Health and Safety Act, Biological Substances Ordinance, Genetic Engineering Act, etc.), the legal frameworks are explained. In addition, requirements for safety classifications of genetic engineering work and the equipment of laboratories for genetic engineering work genetic are presented. Furthermore, national and international requirements for drug production with industrial reference are discussed.

Die zum Zeitpunkt der Vorlesung gültigen Gesetze werden in der Vorlesung dargestellt und bekanntgegeben.